Background：

Regulator of protein degradation that mediates the proteasomal targeting of misfolded， mislocalized or accumulated proteins (PubMed:15280365， PubMed:27113755， PubMed:29666234， PubMed:30612738). Acts by binding polyubiquitin chains of target proteins via its UBA domain and by interacting with subunits of the proteasome via its ubiquitin-like domain (PubMed:15280365， PubMed:27113755， PubMed:30612738). Key regulator of DNA repair that represses homologous recombination repair: in response to DNA damage， recruited to sites of DNA damage following phosphorylation by ATM and acts by binding and removing ubiquitinated MRE11 from damaged chromatin， leading to MRE11 degradation by the proteasome (PubMed:30612738). MRE11 degradation prevents homologous recombination repair， redirecting double-strand break repair toward non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) (PubMed:30612738). Specifically recognizes and binds mislocalized transmembrane-containing proteins and targets them to proteasomal degradation (PubMed