Background：

Antigen recognition initiates TR-CD3 clustering on the cell surface and intracellular activation of LCK that phosphorylates the ITAM motifs of CD3G， CD3D， CD3E and CD247 enabling the recruitment of ZAP70. In turn， ZAP70 phosphorylates LAT， which recruits numerous signaling molecules to form the LAT signalosome. The LAT signalosome propagates signal branching to three major signaling pathways， the calcium， the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase and the nuclear factor NF-kappa-B (NF-kB) pathways， leading to the mobilization of transcription factors that are critical for gene expression and essential for T cell differentiation into effector/memory T cells (By similarity).