Reagents for scientific research experiments.

Xylitol, also known as pentapentanol or pentapentanol, is a five-membered alcohol and a monosaccharide compound. It is a straight-chain polyol with 5 carbon atoms and 5 hydroxyl groups, which is obtained by the hydrolysis of xylose from plant fiber raw materials and then reduced.

It is found naturally in bananas, strawberries, carrots, bayberries, Onions, lettuce, cauliflower, spinach, and mushrooms. "Meso, crystallized from ethanol as monoclinic or orthorhombic white crystals or crystalline powder." The crystal forms are α (metastable, monoclinic crystal) and β (steady, orthorhombic crystal). No smell. Sweet and cool, easily soluble in water, ethanol, slightly soluble in methanol. Sweetness and calorific value are similar to that of sucrose. It is an excellent substitute for sugar in patients who are fasting.

It is hygroscopic. The molecular weight was 152.15. The relative density of β type was 1.52. The melting point was 93-94.5 ℃. Boiling point 215 ~ 217℃. The melting point of type α was 61-61.5 ℃. Slightly soluble in water. The thermal stability was good. Low calorvalue (1.7×104J). It is not toxic. Ld5022000-29000 mg/kg orally and LD503770mg/kg intravenously. Because it has many characteristics of polyols. Widely used in medicine, food, national defense, chemical industry and other industries. Xylitol does not produce Maillard Browning reaction with amino acids and proteins, so it is often used as a surface sweetener in baked foods. It can be used as a toothpaste additive because of its chelation function, and it is not affected by yeast and lactic acid bacteria. In addition, can also be used as chemical, coating, paint raw materials; Xylitol crystals absorb heat when dissolved, resulting in a cool feeling in the mouth, so they are often used as ingredients in chewing gum; In medicine, it is used for infusion; It is also used in tanning and defense.

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