This product is a modified protein loading buffer that is 5 times less concentrated and safer. Its main components are SDS, reducing agent, bromophenol blue, buffer salt solution and so on. SDS can bind with protein to produce a large amount of negative charge on the protein-SDS complex, then the charge of the protein itself is completely covered by SDS, eliminating the difference in the charge of various proteins. SDS can also break intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds and destroy the secondary and tertiary structures of protein molecules. Reducing agents can break disulfide bonds between cysteine residues, destroying protein structures and eliminating differences between protein structures. Ultimately no charge and structural differences in the protein (subunit), electrophoresis speed is only related to the size of its molecular weight. Bromophenol blue is used as an indicator during electrophoresis, indicating roughly when the electrophoresis will end.

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